51 pages • 1 hour read
A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Harris’s viewpoint regarding metta changed when he met the Dalai Lama, the spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhism. Harris met the man known as “His Holiness” with a great deal of skepticism and caution. However, he was put at ease by the Dalai Lama’s embrace of scientific inquiry and his reputation for funding such endeavors to prove the mind-body connection in meditation. When Harris asked him about the practice of compassion meditation, the Dalai Lama explained that the “[p]ractice of compassion is ultimately benefit to you. So I usually describe: we are selfish, but we are wise selfish rather than foolish selfish” (183). This resonated with Harris, who began to understand metta was another way to erode the ego.
Once again, Harris looked to the scientific community to back up his own ideas. At Emory University, a study showed that compassion meditation lowered “a stress hormone called cortisol […] the persistent release of [which] can lead to heart disease, diabetes, dementia, cancer, and depression” (184). At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, MRI studies showed that the brain responded to compassion meditation by triggering increased activity in the brain region that ruled empathy (185). With science in metta’s corner, Harris incorporated it into his practice and began to actively try to be nicer to others, which was met with positive results.
However, an interview with heiress and TV personality Paris Hilton caused Harris a setback. In an interview, he was less than sympathetic, and his hard-hitting questions caused her to walk out of the interview. After the segment was aired, Harris was widely regarded as a jerk, which caused him to wonder if his journalistic career was actually out of step with the practice of metta. This caused him to have a crisis of doubt.
The fallout of the Hilton interview led to Harris’s response of dulling his edge at work. Further, network president David Westin’s departure meant there was a new head of ABC Television Group, Ben Sherwood. Sherwood was a hands-on boss, who heaped on praise and suggestions for change. As a result, many people began to work harder to impress him. Harris, however, decided to forgo his normal worry and remained passive, escaping into his meditation techniques. As a result, he failed to get hard-hitting assignments that went to his colleagues David Muir, Bill Weir, and Terry Moran instead.
Harris went to another retreat, this time focused on metta meditation. Another meditation teacher and friend of Joseph Goldstein, Sharon Salzberg, discussed mudita, the Buddhist concept of sympathetic joy, or delighting in others’ successes, which had proved somewhat difficult for Harris, particularly at work. When Harris met Salzberg, he discussed his feelings about how he’d now become a bystander in his life at work. Salzberg noted that “[f]ear of annihilation […] can lead to great insight, because it reminds us of impermanence and the fact that we are not in control” (197). Harris realized he was still wrestling between the idea of finding a balance between ease and anxiety.
Back at work, Harris drifted. While he didn’t explode about not getting assignments, he did little to pitch stories or act as a leader. Eventually, he met with Sherwood to discuss the matter. Sherwood told him to up his game. Harris realized, “I had gone so far down the path of resignation and passivity that I compromised the career I had worked for decades to build” (200). In his embrace of equanimity, he seemed to have gone soft. Help came from Epstein, who explained, “There’s a certain kind of aggression in organizational behavior that doesn’t value [Zen]—that will see it as weak […] so I think it important to hide the Zen and let them think that you’re really someone they have to contend with” (201). This, he told Harris, was a common error made by practitioners who interpreted the Buddha’s dharma to take on meekness and/or weakness. Goldstein then confirmed Epstein’s view. Harris had to shift, balancing some of his old energy with his new calmness.
Bianca assisted by showing Harris how he became visibly agitated on GMA when the conversation didn’t go the way he wanted. She told him it was obvious he was trying too hard and that he needed to learn to try not to direct everything. Unlike his one-man show at Nightline, he was now part of a team. Harris realized that he should approach anchoring with meditation in mind, letting himself relax and go with the flow. Playing back a conversation taped with Epstein, Harris zeroed in on Epstein’s advice that the answer is “nonattachment to the results” (206): Life doesn’t always work out the way one hopes. Suddenly, Harris found the missing link to his long-term question regarding the balance between mindfulness and ambition. According to Epstein, “[w]hen you are wisely ambitious, you do everything you can to succeed but you are not attached to the outcome—so that if you fail, you will be maximally resilient. […] That, to use a loaded term, is enlightened self-interest” (207).
Harris ends this chapter with 10 tenants for “The Way of the Worrier,” a play on Buddhism's Shambhala, or the way of the warrior. They are: 1) Don’t be a jerk, 2) (And/but…) When necessary, hide the Zen, 3) Meditate, 4) The price of security is insecurity—until it's not useful, 5) Equanimity is not the enemy of creativity, 6) Don’t force it, 7) Humility prevents humiliation, 8) Go easy with the internal cattle prod, 9) Nonattachment to results, and 10) What matters most? This list summarizes many of Harris’s discoveries along his journey from mindlessness to mindfulness. As he told Bianca, they were “aspirational, not operational” (212) principles. Nevertheless, he tried them to some success. Finally, he met with Sherwood and asked his permission to discuss his breakdown on GMA due to drug use in his book. Sherwood gave his approval.
Harris is profoundly aware of his weaknesses despite his successes. Believing he has mastered some techniques from his meditation practice, he is taken aback by his experiences of his failed interview with Paris Hilton and another shake-up at GMA. These two incidents make Harris doubt his ability to navigate life’s hardships with the techniques he’s learned and send him into a depression. This is an important moment in any hero’s journey: Toward the narrative’s end, the protagonist has one final challenge to overcome. For Harris, that challenge is internalizing metta, which will help him balance his work requirements with his Zen outlook.
Though Harris struggles with metta throughout the book, once he knows it has been scientifically proven to help, he starts to practice it. That it makes him nicer to others surprises him, but in a good way. However, when he fails to employ it in an interview with Hilton, he starts to wonder if the practice of metta gels with his journalistic integrity. This is then exacerbated by his inadequate response to Sherwood’s changes at the network. At this point, he realizes he has been using meditation in the way he used drugs, mistakenly thinking it will help solve problems that need conversation and compromise. Sherwood telling Harris to “up [his] game” (200) serves as a wake-up call similar to his 2004 panic attack.
Now, Harris has a support team in Bianca and Epstein to get him back on track. He is reminded that letting go doesn’t equate to meekness and while “it’s good to take a transcendent view of the world […] don’t be a chump” (201). Working hard, Harris gets back on track, realizing that since he isn’t in control of outside events, he can’t be attached to their results: While he could have been kinder to Hilton, he didn’t force her to leave the interview. He could neither force his bosses to give him the jobs he wanted nor dictate the audience’s reactions to his stories.
Epstein helps Harris evaluate the usefulness of his responses to life events beyond his control: “[W]hen you are wisely ambitious, you do everything you can to succeed but you are not attached to the outcome—so that if you fail you will be maximally resilient, able to get up, dust yourself off, and get back in the fray” (207). Harris realizes his passivity is no longer useful and reworks his work ethic. He learns to soften his edge but not abandon it.
Plus, gain access to 8,800+ more expert-written Study Guides.
Including features: