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61 pages 2 hours read

Born Behind Bars

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2021

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Chapters 17-32Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 17 Summary: “Last Words”

Kabir asks Bedi Ma’am if she thinks he can figure out a way to free Amma, and she says, “Why not?” She wants him to believe in his potential to do anything he sets his mind to if he continues working and studying hard. Bedi Ma’am gives the butterfly to Kabir. Malli is no longer mad and is now sad, asking Kabir whether they’ll ever see each other again. He repeats Bedi Ma’am’s answer, “Why not?” He then gives the butterfly to Malli because to him, that’s the most meaningful thing to do with it.

Chapter 18 Summary: “Behind Me”

Their last night in the cell together, Amma holds Kabir in her lap and sings a lullaby: “Moon, moon, come running to me…climb over the mountain and bring a jasmine flower” (55). Kabir doesn’t understand what the words mean and feels helpless. In the morning, Amma says she’ll be happy every day when she thinks about Kabir free and out in the world. Mouse Girl advises him to stay away from police. Grandma Knife promises to look after Amma and instructs Kabir to look after himself. Amma tells him not to look back, but he does, and she has collapsed to the ground.

Chapter 19 Summary: “In the Outside”

Policemen guide Kabir out of the prison and into a van, which takes him across town to a police station, where they meet Kabir’s uncle. Uncle isn’t friendly and speaks very little, not wanting to answer Kabir’s questions and not seeming at all pleased to see Kabir. He does answer two of Kabir’s questions, telling him that, no, he can’t meet his dad anytime soon, and no, he (Uncle) doesn’t have any kids. Uncle guides Kabir out of the station and toward where they’ll be staying.

Chapter 20 Summary: “House”

Uncle repeats what Amma told Kabir: He’s not allowed to mention to anyone that he was born and raised in prison. If anyone asks, Kabir should say he’s Uncle’s nephew from “the village.” Uncle also says Kabir is “his” now, which Kabir thinks sounds suspicious. It’s also suspicious that Uncle speaks only in Tamil, not Kannada, making Kabir wonder if he’s really family.

They arrive at the large house where Uncle works (and where Amma and Appa used to work). A guard lets them through a gate, and a woman who’s cooking notices them and welcomes Kabir, offering him a snack and chatting with him, but Uncle rushes Kabir away. Kabir asks if he’ll also be working at this house, but Uncle tells Kabir to stop asking questions because where he’s going, they prefer that children keep quiet.

Chapter 21 Summary: “Locks”

Uncle guides Kabir to their room in the servants’ quarters. He instructs Kabir to bathe and then leaves and returns with food, which is some of the best that Kabir has ever had. He thanks Uncle, but Uncle says he’s only feeding him because it would look bad if he fainted from being hungry. He then leaves again and locks Kabir inside the room. Kabir feels like he’s back in prison again.

Chapter 22 Summary: “Unquiet”

Kabir is dealing with sensory overload from all the new sights, sounds, smells, and experiences of the outside world, and he has never been alone this long. He eventually naps, and when he wakes up, he remembers how Grandma Knife said that not everyone is trustworthy. However, he doesn’t even know if he can trust his own judgment because he knows so little about the outside world. Uncle returns with new clothes for Kabir and then says it’s time to leave, but he doesn’t explain where they’re going.

Chapter 23 Summary: “Snake Man”

Uncle takes Kabir to a strange man, promising that Kabir is obedient, quiet, and capable of doing any tasks the man wants. The stranger, whom Kabir refers to as “Snake Man” in his head, tells Kabir to wait in the other room, but Kabir can still hear everything. Snake Man asks where Uncle found Kabir. Uncle says that Kabir’s father used to work for the same family Uncle works for. Police came looking for relatives, and since Uncle happens to have the same last name (Khan), the police didn’t check to see if he was actually related to Kabir. The men then haggle until deciding on a price; Fake Uncle is trying to sell Kabir to Snake Man, who deals in human trafficking.

Chapter 24 Summary: “Hot Coffee”

Snake Man tells Fake Uncle to return with Kabir in two days. Uncle protests that he can’t safely hide Kabir in the servants’ quarters until then, but Snake Man says that’s what needs to occur if Fake Uncle wants to get paid the full price. Uncle reluctantly agrees and then leads Kabir outside. Walking back, Uncle holds on to Kabir the whole time until they stop so that Fake Uncle can order a hot coffee. He briefly lets go of Kabir to grab the coffee, but Kabir, thinking quickly and remembering Grandma Knife’s advice to protect himself, grabs it first and hurls it into Fake Uncle’s face. He then seizes the opportunity to run as far from Fake Uncle as he can before the man realizes which way he went.

Chapter 25 Summary: “Parrot Girl”

As Kabir turns a corner, he passes a girl with a parrot riding on her shoulder and dives into a pile of garbage to hide. Fake Uncle appears and asks Parrot Girl if she saw a boy. She says she has seen lots of boys. Fake Uncle offers her money to tell him which way Kabir went. She takes the money and says Kabir got on a bus headed to the other side of town.

Chapter 26 Summary: “Lost”

Fake Uncle leaves, and Parrot Girl tells Kabir he can come out. She’s older than him, maybe 12 or 13. She helps wipe the trash off his face and gives him the money from Fake Uncle. She asks where he’s from, and he says “jail,” although his mother was innocent. She offers to let Kabir stay with her and the parrot, who can speak some words, such as “Yes.”

Chapter 27 Summary: “Cast Out”

Kabir explains how he got out of prison and how Fake Uncle was trying to sell him. Parrot Girl points out how it’s weird that innocent mothers like Amma are locked up but human traffickers like Fake Uncle aren’t.

When Kabir asks if he can wash himself, Parrot Girl jokingly says he can use the temple nearby. Before she can stop him, he rushes over to the fountain, where other people are washing. However, people throw rocks at him and tell him to scram because he’s low caste. Parrot Girl tells them to leave Kabir alone. They run off.

Chapter 28 Summary: “Caste”

Parrot Girl realizes that Kabir doesn’t understand the cultural norms of the outside world, such as that low-caste people aren’t allowed all the same privileges as high-caste people, who might call Kabir “untouchable” or refuse to be around him. They also treat Parrot Girl poorly because she’s Roma. The girl tells Kabir that her name is Rani and her parrot’s name is Jay. Rani is proud of her heritage and her caste even if others treat her poorly.

Chapter 29 Summary: “Making Plans”

Rani explains that Jay doesn’t understand all conversations but can repeat a lot of words. Kabir says that he hopes to find his father so that he can help Kabir get a lawyer and free Amma. Rani warns Kabir against placing all his hope in another person. However, Kabir will never give up hope to free Amma. He thinks his first step is probably to find his grandparents in Bengaluru, which is much closer than Dubai, where, as far as he knows, his father is.

Chapter 30 Summary: “Sweet and Salty Water”

Rani takes Kabir to see the ocean, which is nearby. He’s amazed because, even though he has seen photos and videos, they didn’t prepare him for the real thing. They play in the water. Kabir tries to drink it, and Rani has to explain that sea water, which is salt water, isn’t good for drinking.

Chapter 31 Summary: “My Self”

They walk back toward Rani’s home. A stranger outside a charity gives Kabir a new T-shirt, and then Rani takes him to a public restroom to wash up. Rani says she sleeps in a tree and that Jay learned to talk from another man, whom Rani called “Grandfather,” who sort of took her in but then died.

Chapter 32 Summary: “The Tree Home”

Behind Rani’s tree is an empty mansion that people believe is haunted. This means that people avoid the area and leave Rani alone. She builds a fire and then cooks squirrel stew in a tin can. Kabir eats some but vomits. Rani says that tomorrow, Kabir can use the money from Fake Uncle to buy different food.

Chapters 17-32 Analysis

In addition to the heavy usage of simile (as when Kabir likens being locked in Uncles room to being in prison again), imagery, and symbolism, another literary device that helps develop the novel’s themes is repetition. One phrase that is repeated several times is “Why not?” The first time this question appears is when Bedi Ma’am says it to Kabir in response to his question about whether he might be able to free Amma one day. Bedi Ma’am is implanting a message of hope and faith in Kabir, which he carries with him like a precious gift and shares it with others he encounters, such as Malli and, later, Rani. This creates a web effect of positive change by encouraging other children to believe in themselves and their abilities to achieve their goals.

This section of the novel builds tension around a disturbing reality that Kabir learned about in the first section: Just because someone is an adult doesn’t mean that person is safe or has Kabir’s best interests in mind. In the prison, Kabir was slightly nervous about the newcomer, Mouse Girl, whom he was forced to share a cell with despite not knowing her, and he disliked the pushy guards. However, neither of these even come close to the danger of the incompetent warden who places Kabir with a literal human trafficker as a “guardian” to replace his mom. The man shares a surname with Kabir’s father, and this is good enough for the warden, who doesn’t verify that the man is a familial relation or apparently do any sort of background check. The man is allowed to simply take Kabir wherever he sees fit, with no apparent check-ins scheduled for the future. Children are often taught to be obedient and trust adults, especially family, but this novel shows how vulnerable children can be if they follow this advice. It’s Grandma Knife’s advice that saves Kabir here: She told him to defend himself and get away if he needed to, and he does need to, very quickly. After escaping Fake Uncle, Kabir is left with no adult supervision whatsoever, which may seem dangerous, but it’s far less dangerous than being entrusted to a human trafficker. He makes a friend, Rani, and they survive without adult interference for a while, until they meet adults who are trustworthy. Rani comments about innocent mothers like Amma being locked up but human traffickers like Fake Uncle being free to do bad things, and she also gives Kabir a quick lesson about being low caste. Thus, Rani vividly captures the essence of The Drawbacks of the Caste and Prison Systems, one of the book’s main themes, by illustrating the consequences of these broken systems.

Throughout the text, Kabir creates nicknames in his mind for the people around him; this illustrates how what’s going on inside his head doesn’t always match what’s going on in the world around him. In prison, he nicknamed Grandma Knife and Aunty Cloud in his head to follow his mother’s guidelines of treating the other women like family, while adding his own “flavor” to the names and illuminating each woman’s personality through them. Kabir didn’t assign Mouse Girl a family name like “Aunty” because he didn’t know her long enough to truly trust her. Outside prison, he assigns the names Fake Uncle and Snake Man to illustrate the dangerous those individuals pose, whereas he initially thinks of Rani as Parrot Girl simply because she has a parrot. The parrot may seem insignificant, but to Kabir, this seems to signal that she’s a kind person who has the capacity to take care of another creature, making her more trustworthy than the average stranger.

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